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Excerpt from May 12, 2025, BMO Metals Brief:

Chinese exports of rare earths fell by 16% m/m in April according to China’s statistics bureau on Friday, after the government tightened permits to regulate supply of critical minerals to the USA. China has used a mix of export controls and bans on a broad range of critical minerals in the past two years including galliumgermaniumantimonytungsten, molybdenumindium and bismuth. Concurrently, China has launched a campaign to crackdown on the smuggling of strategic minerals according to a statement from the Ministry of Commerce on Friday, claiming that some overseas entities have colluded with domestic partners to evade export controls via false reporting, concealment, smuggling and “third-country” rerouting.

 
Cobalt
 
Reuters - May 12, 2025
A drone view shows a Chinese flag on a cargo ship at the terminal at the port in Kwai Chung in Hong Kong, China, April 16, 2025. REUTERS/ ...
A drone view shows a Chinese flag on a cargo ship at the terminal at the port in Kwai Chung in Hong Kong, China, April 16, 2025. REUTERS/ ...

China said on Monday that it will strengthen controls over the full supply chains of strategic minerals exports as part of efforts to tighten its dominant grip on materials it deems crucial to its national interest…"Since the export control of strategic minerals has much to do with national security, strengthening the control of the whole export chain is the key," China's commerce ministry said in a statement…Those entities are required to adhere to a principle of "prevention first" to track the flow of strategic minerals and strictly prevent illegal outflows, it added…This comes after Beijing launched a special campaign last week to crack down on the smuggling of strategic minerals including gallium, germanium, antimony, tungsten and some rare earths.

 
Reuters - May 12, 2025
Companies Glencore PLC Follow Cobalt Holdings Plc Follow May 12 (Reuters) - Cobalt Holdings said on Monday it plans to raise $230 million ...
Companies Glencore PLC Follow Cobalt Holdings Plc Follow May 12 (Reuters) - Cobalt Holdings said on Monday it plans to raise $230 million ...

Metals investor Cobalt Holdings said on Monday it plans to raise about $230 million in an initial public offering in London, potentially the largest listing in the UK capital since early 2024, in which Glencore will take a stake in the group…The company, which holds physical cobalt and has a contract to buy from Glencore, plans to use the majority of the IPO proceeds to buy an initial 6,000 metric tons of the key battery metal, worth around $200 million, from the global miner…Glencore and affiliates of investment firm Anchorage Structured Commodities Advisor have agreed to buy about 20.5% of the shares to be offered in the IPO, it said…Prices of cobalt, used in electric vehicle battery components and portable electronics, have been languishing at historically low levels, which the company says it believes offers a buying opportunity as it bets that prices will eventually rise…"We believe now is the right time to build a strategic stockpile of cobalt," Cobalt CEO Jake Greenberg said in a filing.

 
 
EVs & Energy Storage
 
Reuters - May 12, 2025
China's CATL to raise at least $4 billion in Hong Kong listing
China's CATL to raise at least $4 billion in Hong Kong listing

Chinese battery manufacturer CATL aims to raise at least HK$31.01 billion ($3.99 billion) in its Hong Kong listing, according to its prospectus filed on Monday, the largest listing globally so far in 2025…The electric-vehicle battery maker is selling 117.9 million shares at a maximum offer price of HK$263 per share, according to filings lodged with the Hong Kong Stock Exchange…CATL raising $4 billion means the listing is the biggest in the world so far this year, according to Dealogic data, beating JX Advanced Metal's $3 billion March IPO in Tokyo…More than 20 cornerstone investors, led by Sinopec and Kuwait Investment Authority, have subscribed to buy about $2.62 billion worth of CATL shares, the prospectus showed.

 
 
Bismuth
 
Ames - April 30, 2025
Scientists are working to find alternatives to rare-earth-based magnets that can function well in motors, because rare earth materials are expensive and can experience supply chain issues. One solution to this challenge was discovered by a team of researchers and industry partner
Scientists are working to find alternatives to rare-earth-based magnets that can function well in motors, because rare earth materials are expensive and can experience supply chain issues. One solution to this challenge was discovered by a team of researc

Scientists are working to find alternatives to rare-earth-based magnets that can function well in motors, because rare earth materials are expensive and can experience supply chain issues. However, finding a cost-effective, functional alternative material is challenging. A motor magnet needs strong magnetism that is unaffected by high temperatures and exposure to magnetic interference…Magnets have this property called coercivity. Coercivity is the measure of the magnet’s ability to resist demagnetization when it is exposed to an external magnetic field. High temperatures can cause magnets to lose their coercivity. Industrial motors run at very high temperatures, so a permanent magnet designed for an industrial motor needs to maintain its coercivity at very high temperatures…One solution to this challenge was discovered by a team of researchers and industry partners led by scientists at the U.S. Department of Energy Ames National Laboratory. They developed a rare-earth-free bonded magnet that not only retains its magnetism at high temperatures, coercivity nearly doubles with a 100°C (212°F) increase from room temperature…The magnet the team developed is a combination of manganese and bismuth (MnBi). The key to its performance lies in the preparation and fabrication process.

 
Business Wire - May 9, 2025
LONDON, Ontario--( BUSINESS WIRE )-- Fortune Minerals Limited (TSX: FT) (OTCQB: FTMDF) (“ Fortune ” or the “ Company ”) ( www.
LONDON, Ontario--( BUSINESS WIRE )-- Fortune Minerals Limited (TSX: FT) (OTCQB: FTMDF) (“ Fortune ” or the “ Company ”) ( www.

LONDON, Ontario--(BUSINESS WIRE)--Fortune Minerals Limited (TSX: FT) (OTCQB: FTMDF) (“Fortune” or the “Company”) (www.fortuneminerals.com) is pleased to report that metallurgical test work validation is essentially complete for the bismuth circuits for the Company’s 100% owned NICO cobalt-gold-bismuth-copper critical minerals project in Canada (“NICO Project”)…Bismuth Process Highlights…Improved bismuth leaching and cementation circuits with an expected reduction in capital and operating costs and higher metal recoveries…Efficient and cost-effective regeneration of ferric chloride lixiviant used to leach bismuth prior to cementation to reduce reagent costs and safely dispose of excess process water…Validation of high-quality 4N bismuth ingot production from smelting and refining bismuth cement.. Positive preliminary test results from blending Fortune bismuth concentrate and Rio Tinto bismuth oxychloride with no adverse impacts on product quality or metal recoveryHistoric high bismuth prices from increasing demand and restricted supply…Exploratory testing of Rio Tinto bismuth oxychloride blended with Fortune bismuth concentrate at the estimated production ratio during operations produced a high quality bismuth cement with no adverse impacts on recoveries. Additional work is planned in collaboration with Rio Tinto aiming to maximize the blend-ratio and overall product output. The Rio Tinto feed is produced from waste streams at the Kennecott Smelter in Utah enhancing its goals for total orebody effectiveness and supporting domestic critical minerals production…Fortune is working with the Canadian and U.S. governments to expand domestic critical minerals production and enhance North American supply chain resilience and security. The Company has been awarded ~C$17 million of non-dilutive contribution funding from the U.S. Department of Defense through its Defense Production Act Title III program, Natural Resources Canada’s Global Partnerships Initiative and Critical Minerals Research Development and Demonstration programs, and Alberta Innovates Clean Resource Intake program…The NICO Project contains four payable metals, including the largest known resource of bismuth in the world. Bismuth has unique physical and chemical properties that are essential for important industrial and technological uses, but the supply chains are vulnerable to disruption because China controls over ~90% of refined bismuth supply. Consequently, bismuth is identified on both the Canadian and U.S. government’s Critical Minerals Lists. Notably, China recently imposed controls over the export of bismuth and other critical minerals resulting in shortages of supply and a precipitous increase in price.

 
 
fortuneminerals
For further information about the NICO Project and its Mineral Reserves, please refer to the Technical Report on the Feasibility Study for NICO, entitled "Technical Report on the Feasibility Study for the NICO-Gold-Cobalt-Bismuth-Copper Project, Northwest Territories, Canada", dated April 2, 2014 and prepared by Micon, which has been filed on SEDAR and is available under the Company's profile at www.sedar.com.

DISCLAIMER

Fortune Minerals Limited does not endorse or guarantee the accuracy or completeness of any third party publication regarding the Company and accepts no liability for any direct or consequential losses arising from its use. The information contained in third party publications is subject to verification by the user and Fortune is under no obligation to provide, or comment upon, such publications. This communication is not, and under no circumstances is to be construed as, an offer to sell or a solicitation to buy any securities. Any decision to invest in securities in the secondary market or otherwise should only be made after consulting the investor’s own investment, legal, accounting and tax advisors in order to make an informed determination of the suitability and consequences of such investment.

CAUTIONARY STATEMENT ON FORWARD-LOOKING INFORMATION

The materials appearing in this email contain forward-looking information. This forward-looking information includes, or may be based upon, estimates, forecasts, and statements as to management’s expectations with respect to, among other things, the size and quality of the Company’s mineral resources, progress in permitting and development of mineral properties, timing and cost for placing the Company’s mineral projects into production, costs of production, amount and quality of metal products recoverable from the Company’s mineral resources, anticipated revenues, earnings and cash flows from the Company's mineral projects, demand and market outlook for metals and coal and future metal and coal prices. Forward-looking information is based on the opinions and estimates of management at the date the information is given, and is subject to a variety of risks and uncertainties and other factors that could cause actual events or results to differ materially from those projected in the forward-looking information. These factors include the inherent risks involved in the exploration and development of mineral properties, uncertainties with respect to the receipt or timing of required permits and regulatory approvals, the uncertainties involved in interpreting drilling results and other geological data, fluctuating metal and coal prices, the possibility of project cost overruns or unanticipated costs and expenses, the possibility that production from the Company's mineral projects may be less than anticipated, uncertainties relating to the availability and costs of financing needed in the future, uncertainties related to metal recoveries and other factors. Mineral resources that are not mineral reserves do not have demonstrated economic viability. Inferred mineral resources are considered too speculative geologically to have economic considerations applied to them that would enable them to be categorized as mineral reserves. There is no certainty that mineral resources will be converted into mineral reserves. Readers are cautioned to not place undue reliance on forward-looking information because it is possible that predictions, forecasts, projections and other forms of forward-looking information will not be achieved by the Company. The forward-looking information contained herein is made as of the date hereof and the Company assumes no responsibility to update them or revise it to reflect new events or circumstances, except as required by law.